POLA KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL DALAM PARENTING DI MASA MARAKNYA BULLYING DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH (Studi pada keluarga dengan single mother di SD Negeri Oro-oro Dowo Malang)

Interpersonal communication within families reflects how single mothers communicate with their children. This communication is crucial to consider because children face specific challenges, such as the recent rise in bullying cases in school environments. In this context, single mothers play a vital role in engaging in interpersonal communication with their children, and vice versa. A lack of interpersonal communication between single mothers and their children can lead children to turn to unreliable sources of information, such as peers, the internet, and social media. The primary theory utilized in this research is the Family Communication Patterns Theory (FCPT) by Koerner and Fitzpatrick (2016). This theory divides family communication patterns into two dimensions: conversation orientation and conformity orientation. These communication patterns differentiate how families communicate into several types: consensual, pluralistic, protective, and laissez-faire patterns. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method and utilizes the data analysis technique known as the Interactive Model from Miles and Huberman (1984). The findings of this study indicate that there are three factors influencing bullying cases: family factors, social media factors, and peer factors. Based on the findings, divorce is identified as one of the causes, with single mothers being a contributing factor. According to this research, the most frequently used interpersonal communication pattern is the consensual pattern, while the laissez-faire pattern is not commonly used for children aged 7 to 12 years old. Based on the aforementioned results, the researchers suggest that future studies could focus more on children's behavior outside the home with their peers. Additionally, it is recommended that single mothers should be more open in communicating with their children so that they can understand the risks associated with their behaviors.