Analisis Keandalan Sistem Jaringan Distribusi 20 kV Pada Penyulang Karang Baru di PT PLN Persero – ULP Kuala Simpang Dengan Metode ACO (Ant Colony Optimization)

The stability of the electrical distribution network is a crucial aspect for Indonesia's main energy provider, PT PLN. The reliability and accessibility of electrical services are major challenges, where The reliability of the electric power distribution system can significantly disrupt the power supply. Therefore, evaluating the reliability of equipment and the distribution network is essential to ensure service continuity.This study aims to evaluate and improve the reliability of the electrical distribution network using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) method. A case study was conducted on the Karang Baru feeder at PT PLN Persero – ULP Kuala Simpang, Aceh Tamiang. The research involves analyzing the reliability indices SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index), SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index), and CAIDI (Customer Average Interruption Duration Index) derived from system failure data in 2021.The results of the study indicate that the use of the ACO method can improve the system's reliability values. The addition of reclosers in the distribution network was tested in various scenarios to optimize their placement locations. Simulations using MATLAB 2019a showed that the optimal configuration can reduce SAIDI and SAIFI values, approaching the standards set by PLN.