PENGARUH PEMUTUSAN RUSIA DARI THE SOCIETY FOR WORLDWIDE INTERBANK FINANCIAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS (SWIFT) TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN EKONOMI RUSIA

This research aims to examine the impact of Russia's withdrawal from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (SWIFT) on Russia's economic autonomy through policies in the financial infrastructure sector and strategic resource policies, as well as changes in Russia's cooperation orientation. Geopolitical tensions between Russia and Ukraine along with Western countries in 2021-2022 led to Western countries imposing several sanctions and restrictive measures on Russia through 'classic' economic sanctions in response to Russia's aggressive policies. The research method employed in this study is explanatory qualitative method using "Russian economic autonomy" as the unit of analysis with "Russia's withdrawal from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT)" as the explanatory unit, with data collection through literature review. The theories and concepts utilized in this research include Neo-mercantilism theory, economic nationalism concept, and economic sanctions concept. The research findings indicate that the impact of SWIFT sanctions has driven the formation of Russian economic autonomy through the national payment system and financial messaging via the SPFS system, Mir cards, and digital Ruble currency. Additionally, the Russian government seeks to conduct all Russian export commodity trades using Ruble currency and protect its national economy through approaches towards international organizations and Asia-Pacific countries.