ALASAN MONGOLIA MENYEPAKATI PROYEK CHINA-MONGOLIA-RUSSIA ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CMREC) BERDASARKAN PENGARUH TIONGKOK

Nuril Fathiyah, 2025, 202110360311197, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Faculty of Social and Political Science, International Relation Study Program, Mongolia's Reason for Agreeing to the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor (CMREC) Project Based on Chinese Influence, Advisor I: Devita Prinanda, M.Hub.Int. Advisor II: Haryo Prasodjo, M.A.

This study aims to determine why Mongolia agreed to the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor (CMREC) project, using Complex Interdependence theory by Keohane and Joseph Nye's, which focuses on the characteristics of Multiple Channels, as its analytical tool. This study employed a qualitative, explanatory method, drawing on secondary data from official documents, journal articles, international news, and official websites. This study highlights the characteristics of Multiple Channels, referring to the roles of actors involved on the Mongolian side, which are able to influence Mongolia's involvement in the CMREC project. The findings of this study indicate that Mongolia's decision to agree to the CMREC project was driven by a combination of interests from state, sub-state, international organizations, and non-state actors. The state viewed the project as a strategic opportunity to increase exports and regional connectivity. Meanwhile, local governments, such as Zamyn-Uud, are promoting cross-border cooperation through a proposed economic zone with the Chinese city of Erenhot. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), as international organizations, have also strengthened Mongolia's readiness through political and financial support. In addition, Mongolyn Alt LLC contributed through infrastructure development investments to create connectivity within Mongolia. Therefore, the interests of these actors influenced Mongolia to agree to the CMREC Project.