IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TERJADINYA DEPRESI POST PARTUM PADA IBU NIFAS DI RUMAH SAKIT RSI AISYIYAH MALANG DAN RSUD Dr. SAIFUL ANWAR

Background: Postpartum depression is a serious mental health disorder experienced by mothers after childbirth, characterized by emotional symptoms such as sadness, anxiety, and extreme fatigue. Its high global and national prevalence, as well as its impact on maternal health and child development, make this a pressing public health issue.
Research Method: This study employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The research subjects were postnatal mothers at RSI Aisyiyah Malang and Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional General Hospital. The study identified ten risk factors, including age, education, employment, income, parity, pregnancy history and status, social and spousal support, and domestic violence.
Results: The majority of respondents were aged 20–35 years, had a moderate level of education, were unemployed, earned below the minimum wage, and had planned pregnancies. Univariate analysis showed that most experienced low social support (81%), domestic violence (65%), and 63% were at risk of postpartum depression. Bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test revealed that age, education, employment, income, parity, pregnancy history, and pregnancy status significantly influenced the incidence of postpartum depression (p < 0.05). Risk factors such as being in the at-risk age group, low education, unemployment, income below the minimum wage, having fewer than two children, and a history of pregnancy complications were found to increase the risk of postpartum depression. These findings highlight the importance of a multidimensional approach in preventing postpartum depression among postpartum mothers.
Conclusion: Institutional characteristics influenced the causative factors of postpartum depression. Culturally and socially contextualized interventions are urgently needed.
Recommendation: Healthcare workers, especially nurses, are expected to design
more targeted preventive and treatment interventions.