FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI BREASTFEEDING PADA IBU MENYUSUI DI INDONESIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY IN INDONESIA

Introduction : ASI Breast milk is the most important and best source of nutrition for infants, providing the complete nutrition and immunity needed for maximum infant development, especially during the first six months of life. The World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months after birth. However, in Indonesia, exclusive breastfeeding has not met the national target of 80%, with notable differences in success rates between provinces. Factors that influence breastfeeding success include maternal education, health condition, employment status, and support from the social environment and family.
Objectives: This study was conducted with the aim of assessing the variables that influence the duration of breastfeeding by mothers in Indonesia. These variables included maternal age, maternal occupation, antenatal care, place of delivery, infant size at birth, province, economic status, marital status, husband/partner education level, infant sex, type of residence, cesarean delivery and health insurance.
Methods: This study was implemented through a cross-sectional method, using a dataset obtained from the Indonesia Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. The sample composition included 6,263 mothers who were in the process of breastfeeding their child less than six months old. To analyze the data, the chi-square test was applied to examine the association between the independent variables and breastfeeding period. Furthermore, a logistic regression analysis approach was used to determine the factors that significantly influence breastfeeding duration.
Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that breastfeeding among breastfeeding mothers was influenced by various factors including maternal age (OR=0.622; 95% CI: 0.527-0.734), place of delivery (OR=0.739; 95% CI: 0.595-0.919), maternal employment status (OR=0.654; 95% CI: 0.555-0.771), child size at birth (OR=1.392; 95% CI: 1.182-1.639), child sex (OR=1.224; 95% CI: 1.040-1.441), type of residence (OR=1.425; 95% CI: 1.185-1.715) caesarean delivery method (OR=0.598; 95% CI: 0.488-0.733), and health insurance ownership (OR=1.267; 95% CI: 1.067-1.505).
Conclusions: This study found that type of residence was the main factor influencing the duration of breastfeeding among mothers in Indonesia. These findings provide important insights for policy and intervention programs to improve exclusive breastfeeding. Efforts should be made to increase awareness and support for breastfeeding mothers to meet national standards for exclusive breastfeeding.