NARRATIVE REVIEW TANAMAN FAMILI ZINGIBERACEAE SEBAGAI ANTI HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA

Background: Cholesterol is a lipid in the blood produced by the liver. High cholesterol levels will be worse if you do not exercise, are a smoker, and have a fat body. Plants from the Zingiberaceae family are often used for medicines such as ginger, turmeric, and temulawak. Various species such as Curcuma zanthorrhiza (temulawak), Curcuma domestica (turmeric), Curcuma aeroginosa (black turmeric), Curcuma zedoria (white turmeric), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Alpina galanga Kaempferia galangal (galangal), Zingiber zerumbet (lempuyang) and Zingiber purpureum (bangle) are commonly used by the community to treat coughs, toothaches, colds, fever/chills, cholesterol, headaches, and sprains.
Objectives: To obtain information on which plants from the Zingiberaceae family have the potential as anticholesterol, obtain data on the content of compounds or groups of compounds that have biological activity as anticholesterol and obtain data on the working mechanism of compounds or groups of compounds that have biological activity as anticholesterol.
Methods: Narrative review using the Pubmed database, and Science Direct according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria with the help of keywords.
Results and Conclusions: There are 7 plants from the Zingiberaceae family that have the potential as anticholesterol, namely ginger, turmeric, cardamom, amomum, temulawak, Aframomum melegueta and zedoary. Found 19 compounds or groups of compounds that have the potential as anticholesterol, namely curcumin, gingerol, flavonoids, kaempferol, sterols, piperine, asiaticoside, baicalin, taxifolin, monoterpenoids, isoflavonoids, dehydrogingerdione, triterpenoids, shogaols, galangin, tetrahydrocurcumin, zingerone, cineole, and polyphenols. The working mechanism of the compounds or groups of compounds found to have the most potential as anti-cholesterol is to inhibit the synthesis of cellular cholesterol and triglycerides found in kaempferol, baicalin, taxifolin, and cineole.