Pengaruh Kecepatan Putaran Tool Pada Pengelasan FSW Terhadap Distorsi dan Sifat Mekanik Pelat Aluminium 5083

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a material welding technique in solid-state, and without the need for other additional materials for the connection process. The principle works by utilizing the friction of pins and rotating tools on a stationary workpiece. The existence of friction that occurs during the welding process, causing heat input that can melt the welded workpiece, so that the workpiece can be connected. Friction Stir Welding has several welding process parameters that can determine the quality of welding results, including the rotation speed, welding speed, and the geometry of the tool. The material used in this research is aluminum 5083, this material has excellent corrosion-resistant properties, so it is widely applied in the shipping industry, the railroad industry, the aircraft industry, and the automotive industry.
The purpose of this research was to knowing the effect of tool rotation speed on FSW welding against the distortion and mechanical properties of the aluminum plate 5083. The rotational speed variations of the tools used are 1500 rpm, 1800 rpm, and 2080 rpm. The smallest distortion occurs in the variation of tool rotation speed of 1500 rpm, then 1800 rpm, and finally 2080 rpm. The highest average ultimate tensile strength occurs at a variation of 1800 rpm tool rotation speed worth of 179,156 MPa, then at 2080 rpm tool speed variation worth of 144,912 MPa, and the lowest at 1500 rpm tool rotation speed variation worth of 116,336 MPa. The highest average hardness value of the base metal area occurs at a variation of 1500 rpm tool rotation speed worth of 31.54 kg / mm². The highest average hardness value of the HAZ area occurs at a variation of 1500 rpm tool rotation speed worth of 47.49 Kgf / mm². The highest average hardness value of weld metal area occurs in the variation of 1500 rpm tool rotation speed worth of 50.62 Kgf / mm². High and low distortion, the value of tensile strength, and hardness values on the welded specimens, are greatly influenced by the presence of heat input and cooling rate on the welding process.