PERUBAHAN UNDANG-UNDANG PENYELENGGARAAN IBADAH HAJI DAN UMRAH DITINJAU DARI TEORI EFEKTIVITAS HUKUM

The aim to be achieved in this research is to find out about changes to the law on organizing the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages in terms of the theory of legal effectiveness. The Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages are one of the pillars of Islam which have a very important position in the lives of Muslims. The Indonesian government, through the Ministry of Religion, is responsible for regulating the implementation of the Hajj and Umrah. This regulation is stated in the form of a law that regulates all aspects related to the implementation of the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages, starting from registration, departure, implementation, to the return of pilgrims. Therefore, regulations related to Hajj and Umrah are required to have high flexibility in order to respond to existing challenges.
The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. This research uses primary data obtained from interviews with stakeholders (practitioners and observers of the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimage, Hajj and Umrah travel agents, Hajj and Umrah participants) as well as secondary data originating from writings, tables, images, scientific journals and documents.
The results of this research show that: First, in terms of legal factors, it can be said that legal certainty is an absolute requirement for Hajj and Umrah pilgrims to obtain maximum service and protection. Second, law enforcement which is related to the parties who form and implement the law. Third, the legal means factor which includes skilled human resources and good organization. Fourth, the community factor which is the will and legal awareness of the community. Fifth, cultural factors are the values of spiritual or non-material culture. Overall, although there has been much progress in the implementation of the Law regarding the implementation of the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages, continuous improvements and strict supervision are still needed to ensure that all parties comply with the regulations and that pilgrims receive services in accordance with legal provisions.