Co-production in the Implementation of Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) and Environmental Health Risks in Densely Populated Settlements of Batu City

Sanitation problems in densely populated residential areas remain a significant
issue because they contribute to the high risk of environmental-based diseases. This
condition is further exacerbated by limited sanitation facilities and infrastructure
and low levels of public awareness in maintaining environmental cleanliness. This
study aims to analyze the form of co-production between the government and the
community in the implementation of the Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM)
program, while also identifying various inhibiting factors that affect its
implementation. The novelty of this study lies in the analysis' focus on active
collaboration between the government and the community throughout all stages of
the program as an effort to improve sanitation quality.
This study employed qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. Data
collection
techniques included in-depth interviews, observation, and
documentation, involving the Health Office, health cadres, community leaders, and
program beneficiaries. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data
presentation, and conclusion drawing to gain a comprehensive understanding of
co-production implementation within the STBM program.
The research results show that co-production has been implemented through
community involvement in the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages of
the program. The success of the program's implementation is reflected in the
increased achievement of the STBM pillars, supported by active community
participation and assistance from health workers. However, several obstacles
remain, including low levels of community understanding, uneven program
socialization, and problems in waste management. Therefore, this study concludes
that the co-production approach is effective in improving sanitation quality, but
requires strengthening education, ongoing assistance, and optimizing the roles of
stakeholders.