HAMBATAN IMPLEMENTASI SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN FUZZY DEMATEL

Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the food processing industry face interconnected economic, institutional, social, and environmental barriers in implementing sustainable procurement. Previous studies have primarily focused on identifying, ranking, or hierarchically classifying these barriers, but they have not fully explained the net influence exerted and received by each barrier. This study addresses this gap by analyzing the causal structure of sustainable procurement barriers among soybean-based food processing MSMEs in Indonesia. Thirteen barriers across the economic, social, and environmental dimensions were identified through a literature review, interviews, and field observations. Five experts with at least five years of professional experience were purposively selected from academia, MSME practitioners, government institutions, and sustainability consultants. Pairwise linguistic assessments were converted into triangular fuzzy numbers and analyzed using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method to determine the prominence and relation values, as well as the cause–effect classification of each barrier. The results classified five barriers into the cause group and eight barriers into the effect group. Limited financial resources emerged as the most influential barrier, with a prominence value of 10.760 and a relation value of 1.338, followed by inadequate regulations (0.982) and dependence on imported genetically modified (GMO) soybeans (0.598) in terms of their net influence. Weak knowledge and human resource competencies received the greatest net influence (-0.699), followed by the limited availability of local non-GMO soybean suppliers (-0.539) and the limited availability of environmentally friendly raw materials (-0.493). These findings indicate that sustainable procurement barriers cannot be addressed in isolation. Coordinated efforts involving financial support, strengthened regulations and incentives, and the development of local supplier networks are essential to reduce barriers related to human resource competencies, stakeholder collaboration, and the availability of sustainable raw materials.