ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS OBAT TERAPI ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN GERIATRI

Systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure reaching ≥140/90 mmHg is called hypertension, which can be categorized as a non-communicable disease (NCD). Rational medication must be implemented by community health centers (Puskesmas), which are one of the front lines of public health services in Indonesia, in accordance with existing standards. Inappropriate use of medication at the Puskesmas level can have a negative impact on many people. Based on the JNC VIII guidelines, blood pressure is considered controlled if it reaches a value of >150/90 mmHg in patients aged 60 years or older without comorbidities, and below 140/90 mmHg in elderly patients with comorbidities of diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Blood pressure above this limit is categorized as uncontrolled even though the patient is already undergoing antihypertensive therapy. This research method uses a non- experimental observational study involving a review of the medical records of elderly patients with hypertension. Data were collected retrospectively from the records of outpatients at the Muhammadiyah University of Malang General Hospital who received treatment between July and December 2024, to assess the effectiveness of their antihypertensive medication. Based on the results of the study, there was no significant relationship between the type of antihypertensive therapy (drug class) and blood pressure results (controlled/uncontrolled) in hypertensive patients. The results of the Chi-Square statistical test showed no significant relationship between the type of antihypertensive therapy (either monotherapy or combination) and the effectiveness of blood pressure reduction (target blood pressure achieved or not). Although the types of therapy varied, the level of blood pressure reduction produced in patients tended to be similar, which indicates that the choice of therapy type (diuretic, ACEi, CCB, or beta-blocker) is not a major determining factor in effectiveness compared to medication adherence.