REPRESENTASI MEMORI KOLEKTIF DALAM NOVEL TAPOL KARYA NGARTO FEBRUANA MENGGUNAKAN PERSPEKTIF PSIKOLOGI SASTRA

This study aims to describe the forms and impacts of collective memory in Ngarto Februana's novel Tapol using a literary psychology perspective. This study employed a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research data consisted of quotes, sentences, and paragraphs from the novel related to the forms and impacts of collective memory. Data collection was conducted through a literature review using the listening and note-taking method, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.

The results indicate that there are three forms of collective memory in the novel: flashbulb memory, generational memory, and traditional memory.
Flashbulb memory is characterized by strong and detailed traumatic memories of the events of 1965. Generational memory is demonstrated through the transmission of experiences and historical narratives from older generations to younger generations. Meanwhile, traditional memory is reflected in values, norms, and attitudes passed down through generations as a response to past trauma.
Furthermore, this study identified three main impacts of collective memory: psychological trauma, the search for identity, and memory distortion. Psychological trauma manifests itself in the form of fear, loss, and prolonged emotional wounds. The search for identity stems from the social stigma against families associated with the events of 1965. Memory distortion is evident in changes or distortions in memories influenced by social and political narratives.

Thus, collective memory in the novel Tapol not only represents historical events but also continuously shapes the psychological experiences and social identities of the characters. This research is expected to contribute to literary studies, particularly in the fields of literary psychology and collective memory studies.