EFEKTIVITAS LEMBAGA PARENTING DALAM PENINGKATAN KESADARAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP ANAK (Studi di HARUM Family Center Kota Malang)

Parenting issues within families, such as a lack of communication, the use of harsh parenting practices, and minimal father involvement, indicate that parental awareness of effective parenting still needs to be improved. HARUM Family Center, as a non-formal institution, provides parenting programs through Sanggar Anak, Sanggar Bunda, and Sanggar Ayah to strengthen the role of parents in child-rearing. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of HARUM Family Center as well as the factors influencing the improvement of parental awareness in parenting practices. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design.
The subjects were selected using purposive sampling, involving six parents participating in the program, two mentors, and two facilitators. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model with source triangulation to ensure validity.
The results of the analysis indicate that the parenting program at HARUM Family Center is effective in increasing parental awareness of parenting practices. This is evidenced by increased parental involvement_regular attendance, active consultation, and willingness to participate in home visits), changes in parenting styles from harsh practices (hitting, yelling, and pinching) to more patient and communicative approaches, as well as positive impacts on children (becoming calmer, more open, obedient, and easier to guide). The effectiveness of the program is supported by five enabling factors: program consistency and sustainability, communicative and non-judgmental facilitator approaches, the development of parents trust in the institution, spousal/family support, and parents' voluntary engagement due to the direct benefits they experience. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include limited time due to work demands in the informal sector and the non-instant nature of changes in parenting practices. From the perspective of James Coleman's Rational Choice Theory, parents' involvement in the parenting program is the result of rational considerations of the benefits gained (children becoming more obedient and calm, improved communication) compared to the limited resources they possess (time and work constraints).