HUBUNGAN BERAT BADAN BERLEBIH DENGAN SESAK NAPAS SAAT BERAKTIVITAS BERDASARKAN KELOMPOK USIA (REMAJA, DEWASA DAN LANSIA)

Background: Excess body weight (overweight and obesity) is a global health problem that continues to grow and affects all age groups. Accumulation of adipose tissue can disrupt respiratory mechanics and trigger inflammatory responses, leading to dyspnea on exertion. This condition varies across age groups due to different physiological and metabolic characteristics at each life stage.
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between excess body weight and dyspnea on exertion based on age groups (adolescents, adults, and elderly).
Method: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 100 respondents selected using purposive sampling, divided into three age groups: adolescents (n=33), adults (n=33), and elderly (n=34). Body weight status was assessed using BMI, skinfold thickness, waist circumference, and
upper arm circumference. Dyspnea on exertion was measured using the Borg Scale. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rho correlation test.
Result: The predominant BMI category across all age groups was pre-obesity. Dyspnea on exertion was moderate in adolescents (46%), mild in adults (46%) and elderly (35%). Spearman Rho test results showed a significant correlation between excess body weight and dyspnea on exertion in adolescents (r=0.372; p=0.033),
adults (r=0.344; p=0.050), and elderly (r=0.418; p=0.014).
Conclusion: There is a significant positive correlation between excess body weight and dyspnea on exertion in all three age groups. The strongest correlation was found in the elderly group (moderate), while adolescents and adults showed a weak correlation. Body weight management across all age groups is essential to prevent respiratory complications.