HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN BALITA DI KOTA MALANG

Correlation Between Parenting Style and Growth Status Among Toddlers in Malang City
Reyna Callista Nedlya Putri1, Sunardi2
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Science, Unoversity of Muhammadiyah Malang Jl. Bendungan Sutami No.188A, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur, Indoenesia, 65145
E-mail : [email protected]
Background : Toddler growth is an important indicator for assessing health status and nutritional fulfillment in early childhood. Parenting style contributes to shaping children’s eating habits and discipline, thereby directly influencing growth. Inadequate parenting may lead to imbalanced energy intake and an increased risk of growth disorders. This study aimed to determine the relationship between parenting style and toddler growth in Malang City.
Methods : This research employed a correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 100 mothers with toddlers aged 24–59 months selected using purposive sampling. Parenting styles were assessed using the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ), while growth was measured based on the weight-for-height index (WHZ) following WHO standards. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05.
Results : The most commonly applied parenting style was democratic (36%), followed by permissive (33%) and authoritarian (31%). Toddlers raised with a democratic parenting style predominantly exhibited normal growth (22 children), whereas permissive and authoritarian parenting styles were more frequently associated with abnormal growth. The Chi-Square test yielded p = 0.000, indicating a significant relationship between parenting style and toddler growth.
Conclusion : Parenting style plays a crucial role in supporting children’s growth. Democratic parenting is more conducive to achieving normal growth, whereas permissive and authoritarian parenting tend to be associated with abnormal growth. Strengthening education on positive parenting and nutrition management is necessary to improve toddler growth status.
Keywords : parenting style, toddler growth, PSDQ, child nutrition
1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Sciences Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of Malang
2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Sciences Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of Malang
3 Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Sciences Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of Malang