Identifikasi Pengaruh Konsorsium Bakteri Heterotrofik Terhadap Pengelolaan Dampak Limbah Hotel Sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi

As one of the means of the tourism industry, the existence of hotels is very important in meeting the accommodation or lodging needs. It is expected that as a service business unit for tourists, besides providing comfort for its customers, hotels also do not spread risk factors in their environment. However, one of the pollutants that is harmful to human health comes from hotel wastewater, so waste needs to be processed to be safe for disposal into the environment. Previous research has shown that bacteria are effective to be used as bioremediators to decompose domestic waste including that from hotels.
This study uses a descriptive research type aimed at the application of heterotrophic bacterial consortia as a form of environmental impact management by using hotel wastewater as a sample. In this study, the author aims to determine the levels of COD, TSS, BOD5, and detergent residue. Additionally, the study seeks to assess whether the application of a consortium of heterotrophic bacteria in the IPAL prototype can reduce the levels of Escherichia coli bacteria in the hotel wastewater.
Research results show that the levels of COD, TSS, and BOD5 after treatment experienced a reduction until they met the standard quality criteria for liquid waste in hotels as stated in the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number: 68 Year 2016, namely the COD level in the sample showed a result of 56.48 mg/L, the BOD5 level in the sample showed a result of 18.84 mg/L, and the TSS level in the sample showed a result of 30 mg/L. The detergent residue levels are below the standard quality of wastewater as stated in the Regulation of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 2014 concerning the Quality Standards for Wastewater, which is 0.0913 mg/L. Then the research results showed that the levels of Escherichia coli bacteria were very high in the wastewater sample. However, there was no change in the amount of bacteria in the sample after treatment with the IPAL prototype. Therefore, it can be concluded that the heterotrophic bacterial consortium used was able to optimally reduce COD, TSS, and BOD5 levels. However, there are limits to the ability of heterotrophic bacteria to decompose wastewater under certain conditions, making it less effective in reducing detergent residue levels and Escherichia coli content. This research can be used as a learning resource for biology students in grade X phase E on the topic of bacteria.