ANALISIS YURIDIS NORMATIF PERLINDUNGAN ROYALTI ATAS HAK CIPTA MUSIK PADA PLATFORM YOUTUBE

The presence of digital platforms such as YouTube presents significant challenges
for copyright protection and music royalty distribution in Indonesia. This study
aims to analyze the forms of royalty protection for copyrighted musical works on
YouTube and evaluate the effectiveness of these mechanisms in fulfilling the
economic rights of creators. A normative juridical approach is used through a
statute-based analysis of Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright and Government
Regulation Number 56 of 2021. The findings reveal a dual character in digital
copyright enforcement. On one hand, the collective management system operated
by LMK/LMKN still faces structural barriers, including lack of transparency, weak
oversight, and technological limitations in tracking the real-time use of works. On
the other hand, litigation remains a relevant legal avenue for addressing clear
violations. A notable case involves the economic rights infringement by Hanin
Dhiya, who uploaded a cover of the song “Akad” (by Payung Teduh) to her
monetized YouTube channel without an official license. This act constitutes a
breach of exclusive rights to reproduce, adapt, and publicly communicate the work
as regulated in Article 9 of the Copyright Law. Although the case did not proceed
to court, the criminal elements outlined in Article 113 were arguably met. This study
emphasizes that while the collective system requires significant improvement,
individual legal mechanisms remain essential for safeguarding copyright in the
fast-evolving digital ecosystem.