PROFIL PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT (ISPA)

Background of study : Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in 2023, more than 5% of the world's population is affected by ISPA, especially otitis media. There are 432 million adults and 34 million children. While in Indonesia, the Ministry of Health said the prevalence of ISPA in 2022 was 27.5% of sufferers aged 21-30 years, and the percentage in the elderly was 7.5%. Factors of bacterial infection in the respiratory tract. Bacteria that can cause ISPA are Streptococcus Haemolyticus, Haemophilus Influenza, Streptococcus Pneumoniae. The bacteria that occasionally turn into pathogens cause infectious diseases. The therapy used for ARI is the administration of antibiotics intended for the treatment of acute respiratory infections caused by bacteria, especially Pharyngitis, Otitis media, sinusitis, tonsillitis.
Objective : To determine the profile of antibiotic use in ARI patients.
Research Method : Non-experimental research using descriptive methods, data obtained from doctor’s prescriptions for outpatients get antibiotic with a diagnosa of acute respiratory tract infection (ARI).
Results : Based on the results of the study, cases of ARI based on the characteristics of the patient's gender showed that half (50%) of the total sample or 172 ARI cases were female, while the rest (49%) were male. The characteristics of ARI patients based on the patient's age were in the range of 0-75 years with the largest distribution in the age groups of 5-6 years (12%) and 9-10 years (11%). The most widely used antibiotic group was the Penicillin group with 255 prescriptions or 75%.
Conclusions : The most widely used antibiotic use pattern was amoxicillin with a dosage regimen of 3x500mg orally and the most widely used preparation was tablets with a total of 151 prescriptions or 60%. The most widely used antibiotics in ARI cases with a diagnosis were Pharyngitis with a total of 171 prescriptions or 50%, then acute tonsillitis with 110 prescriptions or 32%. The most widely used antibiotic for pharyngitis is amoxicillin with a dose of 3x500mg orally with a prescription of 151 and 3x125mg/5mL orally with a prescription of 110 or 75%.