GANGGUAN FONOLOGI PADA ANAK SPEECH DELAY DI SLB KARYA ILAHI MAUMERE KABUPATEN SIKKA NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR (KAJIAN PSIKOLINGUISTIK)

This research is motivated by the presence of phonological disorders observed in several children with speech delay at SLB Karya Ilahi Maumere, based on psycholinguistic studies. The study aims to describe the phonological disorders experienced by children with speech delay at SLB Karya Ilahi Maumere and identify the contributing factors. The research focuses on phonological disorders in vowels and consonants, examining three aspects: substitution, addition, and omission of vowels and consonants. The subjects of this research are five children at SLB Karya Ilahi Maumere who face difficulties in speaking, particularly in pronouncing vowels and consonants. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method by analyzing and describing the data based on a summary derived from phonological and psycholinguistic theories. The researcher used data collection methods such as observation, interviews, notes, photos, and documentation to gather information relevant to the research questions. The results of the study show that phonological disorders in the five children involved 123 speech errors, comprising 27 vowel errors and 92 consonant errors. There were 19 vowel substitutions and 8 omissions. For consonant sounds, there were 32 substitutions, 4 additions, and 60 omissions. The factors contributing to these phonological disorders include internal factors, such as genetic influences and premature birth, and external factors, such as family function, socioeconomic conditions, and discipline.