STRATEGI KONSERVASI BURUNG PADA BERBAGAI TIPE HABITAT DI KOTA PEKANBARU

Bird Conservation Strategy in Various Habitat Types in Pekanbaru City.
Birds are one component of the ecosystem that has an important role in supporting
the continuity of an organism's life cycle. Bird habitats can include various types of
ecosystems, ranging from natural ecosystems to artificial ecosystems. Pekanbaru
is one of the cities in Indonesia which is currently developing rapidly both in the
development of facilities and infrastructure as well as increasing population. The
condition of the existing land cover in the district is dominated by oil palm
plantations and industrial plantation forests which tend to be
monoculture/homogeneous. This condition has an impact on monotonous habitats,
which will affect the diversity of bird species in urban areas. Therefore, it is
necessary to carry out bird conservation strategies in various habitats in
Pekanbaru City. This research is divided into 3 stages. The aim of stage I is to
analyze the diversity of bird species in various types of habitat and people's
perceptions of birds. The aim of stage II is to analyze the diversity of vegetation
types in various types of habitat. The aim of stage III is to develop a bird
conservation strategy in Pekanbaru City. The research methods for stages I and II
use surveys, while stage III uses Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat (SWOT)
analysis. The results of phase I research found 34 families, 75 species and 2,244
individual birds. Natural forests have a bird species diversity index (H') of 3.93,
evenness index (E) 0.91, and species richness index (R) 10.31; bushes (H'= 2.73, E
=0.87, R = 4.07); rubber plantation (H' = 2.34, E = 0.78, R = 3.94); residential
area (H'= 2.59, E = 0.86, R = 2.75); oil palm plantations (H'= 2.44, E = 0.83, R =
3.43); and dry land agriculture (H'= 2.58, E = 0.88, R = 3.43). Eight species of
birds were found in all habitat types, namely the Cucak Kutilang (Pycnonotus
aurigaster Vieillot, 1818) with a percentage of 27.63% of individuals, the Bondol
Peking (Lonchura punctulate Linnaeus, 1758) (16.91%), the Perkutut Jawa
(Geopelia striata). Linnaeus, 1766) (16.33 %, Merbah Cerukcuk (Pycnonotus
goiavier Scopoli, 1786) (10.92 %), Tekukur Biasa (Streptopelia chinensis Scopoli,
1786) (9.28 %), Cinenen Kelabu (Orthotomus ruficeps Temminck, 1836 ) (7.92 %),
Burung Madu Polos (Anthreptes simplex Müller, 1843) (6.57 %), and Burung Madu
Kelapa(Antrheptes malacensis Scopoli, 1786) (4.44 %). In general, it is in the
"good" category with an average value of 104.03 (83.22%). The results of phase II
research found a tree species diversity index (H') of 3.39, an evenness index (E) of
0.93, and an evenness index (E) of 0.93. species richness index (R) 8.31. The results
of phase III research showed that the position of the bird conservation strategy was
in quadrant one, which is a favorable position for the government which has a lot
of power and can take advantage of opportunities that exist in the external
environment. The strategy that must be implemented in this condition is to support
the continuation of aggressive growth (growth oriented strategy). Some of the
methods used include utilizing internal strengths, exploiting market opportunities,
innovation in habitat restoration, public awareness education, collaboration and
partnerships.