ANALISIS SIFAT FISIKO KIMIA PADA PERBEDAAN LAMA WAKTU PENYULINGAN MINYAK ATSIRI AKAR WANGI (Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash) ASAL GARUT

The producers of vetiver in Garut commonly utilize pressurized steam distillation
to produce essential oils, but the quality obtained often falls short of the Indonesian
National Standard (SNI) for Vetiver Essential Oil (06-2386-2006). Therefore, the
effectiveness of steam distillation time on the quality of vetiver essential oil needs further
investigation. This research intend to determine the effect of distillation time on the
physicochemical properties and to identify the compounds in vetiver essential oil (Vetiveria
zizanioides (L.) Nash) from Garut. Using a Completely Randomized Design with one
factor, which is the duration of distillation, was used. The data obtained were analyzed
using one-way ANOVA. If the variance is significant, a Tukey's test was used. Research
results indicate that vetiver from Garut meets the SNI for Vetiver Essential Oil in terms of
all parameters: yield, refractive index, color, aroma, acid number, and ester number. The
optimal distillation times are found to be 18 and 24 hours, as they meet quality standards,
although they yield lower quantities. Conversely, distillation for 36 hours yields the highest
quantity but does not meet standards for acid and ester numbers in testing. The compound
most abundant and detected by GC-FID in vetiver essential oil at all distillation times is
khusimol.