PENGARUH JENIS PESTISIDA NABATI DENGAN BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI TERHADAP HAMA UTAMA DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG KETAN (Zea mays L. ceratina)

Research on the Effect of Types of Botanical Pesticides With Several Concentrations on Main Pests and Yields of Glutinous Corn (Zea mays L. ceratina). Glutinous corn is much loved by the people of East Indonesia because it has a savory, fluffier taste and an attractive appearance that is different from corn in general. Glutinous corn contains starch in the form of almost 100% amylopectin. The high content of amylopectin causes glutinous corn to taste fluffier, savory, and requires a longer cooking time. Glutinous corn is used fresh or processed as local food which is a food characteristic of regions in Indonesia. Implementation of research in the Rusunawa land of the Muhammadiyah University of Malang Jl. Karyawiguna No. 234, Tunggulwulung, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang City, East Java, from June to September 2022. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the types and concentrations of vegetable pesticides from kitolod leaves and purple maman leaves. The design used was a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 12 combinations and repeated 4 times and for each treatment there were 3 plants so that 144 plants were obtained. The first factor was the treatment of plant-based pesticides with 4 treatment levels: P0 = Control, P1 = Kitolod leaf vegetable pesticide, P2 = Purple maman leaf pesticide, P3 = Chemical pesticide deltamethrin, the second factor was treatment concentration treatment with 3 levels K1 = 25%, K2 = 50%, K3 = 75%. Parameters observed were plant height (cm), leaf area (cm2), pest identification and population, pest attack intensity (%), number of cobs (fruit), cob fresh weight with skin (kg), cob diameter (mm), cob length (cm). Data analysis used quantitative analysis of the test of variance at the 5% level. If there is a significant effect on the data, further testing will be carried out using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% level. Based on the plant height parameter, there was an interaction in the water control treatment with a concentration of 75% (P0K3) and the treatment of plant-based pesticides with kitolod leaves with a concentration of 25% (P1K1) at 49 DAP. In pest population parameters, there was also an interaction between chemical pesticide treatments with a concentration of 75% (P3K3) at 28 HST. The treatment of the chemical pesticide type deltamethrin (P3) had an effect on controlling the average pest population better than the plant-based pesticides and water control, in the parameters of the pest population at 28 HST. Treatment with a concentration of 75% (K3) showed results that affected the parameters of plant height, pest populations compared to other concentrations.