ANALISIS HUBUNGAN MUTU TANDAN BUAH SEGAR BERDASARKAN HASIL GRADING TERHADAP OIL EXTRACTION RATE DAN MUTU CRUDE PALM OIL

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a strategic plantation commodity in Indonesia. Fresh Fruit Bunches, as the primary raw material for crude palm oil processing, are classified through grading based on fruit ripeness. However, the relationship between the composition of FFB grading fractions and oil extraction efficiency, as well as the quality of the resulting oil, has not yet been fully documented quantitatively. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between FFB quality based on grading results and the Oil Extraction Rate, as well as Crude Palm Oil quality, which includes parameters such as Free Fatty Acid, moisture content, dirt content, and DOBI value. The study was conducted at PT Suryabumi Tunggal Perkasa, South Kalimantan, over 49 working days using secondary data from the company's daily records. FFB grading was assessed visually based on the number of loose fruits, while CPO quality parameters were analyzed using acid-base titration (FFA), halogen moisture analyzer (moisture), vacuum filtration with gooch crucible (dirt), and UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 446 and 269 nm (DOBI). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation and simple linear regression. Spearman’s rank correlation and simple linear regression. The results of the study indicate that the percentage of overripe fruit has a significant negative correlation with OER (r = -0.302; p = 0.035), with the regression equation y = -0.1161x + 25.059 (R² = 0.093). Meanwhile, the percentage of ripe fruit showed a significant negative correlation with FFA content (r = -0.324; p = 0.023) with the equation y = -0.018x + 5.3822 (R² = 0.1194). The FFB grading fraction does not show a significant correlation with moisture, dirt, or DOBI (p > 0.05). Overall, FFB quality based on grading results has a limited effect on OER and CPO quality; therefore, quality control needs to be integrated with the optimization of processing procedures at the mill.