KEPATUHAN HUKUM PEMILIK KAFE ATAS PEMBAYARAN ROYALTI MUSIK DI RUANG PUBLIK (Studi pada Kafe di Kota Malang)

The commercial use of music in public spaces such as cafés must be accompanied by the payment of royalties to creators and copyright holders through the National Collective Management Organization (LMKN), as stipulated in Government Regulation No. 56 of 2021 on the Management of Royalties for Song and/or Music Copyrights. However, compliance among café owners with this obligation remains low. This paper aims to analyze the level of legal compliance among café owners in Malang City and identify the obstacles to its implementation. Using an empirical legal method with in-depth interviews of three cafés (Sanubari Coffee & Bar, Djay’s Coffee, and Ruya by Lafayette Coffee & Eatery), the analysis was conducted based on Soerjono Soekanto’s theory of legal awareness through four indicators: knowledge, understanding, attitude, and legal behavior. This study indicates that the legal compliance of the three café owners is relatively low, with only 4 out of 12 assessment points met, and none of them have ever paid royalties to LMKN. The main obstacles are the lack of outreach from LMKN to MSME operators and the fee of Rp60,000 per seat per year, which is considered burdensome. This study recommends proactive improvement in legal outreach and the adjustment of fees to be more proportional for small-scale businesses.