PENGEMBANGAN E-MEDIA GENETIKA BERBASIS TPACK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI DIGITAL DAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF MURID SMA

The development of digital technology requires more meaningful integration of technology in learning to support the development of students' digital literacy and cognitive abilities. In high school biology learning, particularly in genetic substance material covering DNA, RNA, genes, and chromosomes, the abstract and microscopic nature of the concepts often causes conceptual difficulties and misconceptions among students. Although various digital learning media have been developed, most studies still focus on improving cognitive learning outcomes without examining the relationship between the use of digital media and the simultaneous development of students' digital literacy. This study aims to develop and analyze the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of TPACK-based genetic e-media in improving high school students' digital literacy and cognitive abilities. The study uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE development model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Effectiveness testing was conducted through a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design quasi-experimental design involving experimental and control classes through pretest and posttest. The Wilcoxon test results showed a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores in the experimental class. In addition, the mean rank of the experimental class was 35.57, which was higher than that of the control class at 22.20, indicating that the use of TPACK-based genetic e-media provided better learning outcomes. These findings indicate that the integration of the TPACK framework in the development of genetic e-media can facilitate the visualization of abstract concepts while significantly improving students' digital literacy and cognitive abilities, thus potentially becoming an alternative innovative learning media in genetics learning at the high school level.