PERAN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICC) ATAS PELANGGARAN HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL PADA PERANG RUSIA VS UKRAINA TERHADAP MASYARAKAT SIPIL

Abstract – This study addresses the aspect of the breach of war crimes against civilians and the way the International Criminal Court (ICC) reacts to the breach. The Russian-Ukraine war is considered to be one of the geopolitical crises that started back in 2014 when Russia annexed Crimea. Later, in February 2022, the Russia-Ukraine war returned to its level of active confrontation as Russia made a comprehensive invasion of Ukraine, which intensified the eight-year cycle of the war. The Russian invasion has led to the massive death and suffering of the Ukrainian civilians and military personnel as a result of this conflict. The war has caused different types of human rights abuses that affect both civilians and warring groups, which have been confirmed by OHCHR to include the acts of arbitrary deprivation of life, arbitrary arrest and enforced disappearance, torture and ill-treatment, and sexual violence of the war. In this research, the methodology of descriptive qualitative research is used and expounds the context of the problem being studied. The study will focus on the violation of the war crimes by the warring armies, in which they have mostly attacked critical energy infrastructure and educational and health institutions. The outcome of this study suggests that the Russia-Ukraine war that commenced in February 2022 and is still ongoing up to the present day, has claimed many victims among the civilian community, which is a significant breach of the laws of war.