STUDI PENGGUNAAN OBAT GOLONGAN ACE-INHIBITOR PADA PASIEN GAGAL JANTUNG DI RSUD DR. MOHAMAD SOEWANDHIE SURABAYA

Heart failure is a progressive clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac abnormalities that impair ventricular pumping capacity. In heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) are a cornerstone of therapy because they inhibit angiotensin II formation, reduce vasoconstriction, suppress aldosterone secretion, and improve long-term cardiac remodeling. Patterns of ACE-I use in
heart failure patients were described based on drug type, dose, frequency, route of administration, duration of therapy, combination regimens, and switching patterns using a retrospective observational descriptive approach. No single uniform treatment pattern was identified. Two-drug combinations were found in 17 patients (16%), three-drug combinations in 45 patients (44%), four-drug combinations in 12 patients (12%), five-drug combinations in
5 patients (5%), and six- or seven-drug combinations in one patient each (1%). Switching between ACE-Is occurred in 21 patients (21%). The most frequent two-drug regimens were imidapril (5 mg once daily) plus bisoprolol (2.5 mg once daily) and ramipril (5 mg once daily) plus bisoprolol (1.25 mg once daily). Common three-drug combinations included spironolactone (25 mg once daily). The most frequent four-drug regimen consisted of imidapril, bisoprolol, spironolactone, and nifedipine. ACE-I therapy duration was most commonly 3–5 days, observed in 43% of patients.