STUDI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK GOLONGAN SEFALOSPORIN PADA PASIEN DEMAM TIFOID (Penelitian Dilakukan di RSUD R.T. Notopuro Sidoarjo)

Background : The global incidence of typhoid fever is estimated at 11–21 million cases, with 128,000–161,000 deaths. This disease is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella Typhi. Cephalosporin therapy works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, causing the wall to weaken and ultimately killing the bacteria.
Objective : To determine the pattern of cephalosporins use in typhoid fever patients at RSUD R.T. Notopuro Sidoarjo, including the dosage regimen and duration of therapy.
Method : This research used a descriptive observational design with a retrospective approach. Data were collected from the medical records of 26 typhoid fever patients who received cephalosporins therapy during the period January 2023 to December 2024.
Result and Conclusion : Cephalosporins were administered as monotherapy in 24 patients (70%), two-drug combination therapy in 5 patients (15%), and switch therapy in 5 patients (15%). All monotherapy used third-generation cephalosporins, with ceftriaxone (2×1g)iv used in 14 patients. The most common two-drug combinations were chloramphenicol + cephalosporin and cephalosporin + fluoroquinolone, each used in 2 patients. There were 5 switch therapy patterns. The most common duration of therapy was 1-3 days (81%).