PENGARUH KOMBINASI HEEL RAISE DAN STRENGTHENING BALL ROLL EXERCISE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN ARCUS SISWA SDN TLOGOMAS 2 DENGAN KONDISI FLAT FOOT

Background: Foot health plays an important role in supporting functional activities in elementary school children who are in a growth and development phase. Disorders in foot arch formation (arcus pedis), such as flat foot, are characterized by a decreased medial longitudinal arch, resulting in full contact of the sole with the ground during weight bearing. This condition may affect stability, movement efficiency, and physical activity in children. Physiotherapy interventions in the form of foot muscle strengthening exercises are required to improve the structure and function of the foot arch.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of a combination of heel raise exercise and strengthening ball roll exercise on improving the foot arch in students of SDN Tlogomas 2 with flat foot condition.
Methods: This study employed a quantitative true experimental design using a pre-test and post-test control group approach. A total of 50 students with flat foot were selected using purposive sampling and divided into an intervention group and a control group. Measurements were conducted using wet footprint analysis with Clarke’s angle and the navicular drop test. The intervention was administered for four weeks with a frequency of three sessions per week.
Results: The intervention group showed a significant improvement in the foot arch compared to the control group. The Wilcoxon test demonstrated p-values of 0.014 for right and left foot footprint measurements and 0.001 for the right foot navicular drop test. The Mann–Whitney U test also revealed significant differences between the two groups in post-test values (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of heel raise exercise and strengthening ball roll exercise is effective in improving the foot arch in students with flat foot condition