MODIFICATION OF THE EARLY LANGUAGE SCALE (ELS) INTO INDONESIAN VERSION

This study aims to modify the Early Language Scale (ELS) instrument into an
Indonesian version to measure language development in children aged 1-6 years. The original
ELS, developed by Bochane et al. (2020), consists of 26 yes-no format items. The modification
process followed the International Test Commission (ITC, 2017) guidelines, including
permission request, translation by two translators, synthesis, expert judgment by six experts,
pilot testing on 62 respondents, and main data collection from 265 parents of children aged 1-
5 years in Indonesia. Data analysis using JASP included descriptive statistics, reliability
(Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and
Pearson correlation. Results showed high reliability (McDonald's ω = 0.973, Cronbach's α =
0.964), CFA model meeting fit criteria (RMSEA = 0.058, CFI = 0.995, TLI = 0.995, SRMR =
0.069), and a strong positive correlation between child age and language ability (r = 0.810). The
conclusion indicates that the Indonesian version of ELS is valid and reliable for detecting early
language development in children, although two items (Q2 and Q3) were removed due to low
item-rest correlations. This study contributes to health and education practitioners and parents
in Indonesia by supporting early intervention for language developmental disorder.