ANALISIS YURIDIS SOSIOLOGIS PENYIDIKAN TERHADAP PRAKTIK MEDIS ILEGAL SUNTIK WHITENING WILAYAH HUKUM POLRESTA MALANG KOTA

The prevalence of illegal medical practices in the form of whitening
injections poses serious risks to public health and constitutes a violation of the law because it is carried out without a license and valid medical competence. This has come under scrutiny following the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, particularly Article 439, which stipulates stricter criminal
sanctions. This study aims to examine the investigation process conducted by the Malang City Police against illegal whitening injections and the obstacles encountered in its implementation. The research method uses a sociological- juridical approach with empirical legal research. Data was obtained through
interviews with investigators, documentation studies, and legal literature, then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results of the study show that investigations are carried out through the stages of receiving reports, collecting evidence, examining witnesses and suspects, and transferring files to the
prosecutor's office. The obstacles that arise include limited personnel, lack of coordination between agencies, low public awareness of the law, and difficulties in proving distribution permits and medical competence. In conclusion, the investigation conducted by Malang City Police was in accordance with criminal
procedural law, but its effectiveness was hampered by internal and external factors. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen coordination, increase legal awareness, and provide technical regulatory support so that law enforcement against illegal medical
practices can be optimized.