PENGARUH JENIS SAMPAH ORGANIK PASAR TERHADAP KANDUNGAN N, P, K DAN SIFAT FISIK VERMICOMPOST SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR BIOLOGI

The issue of organic waste management in traditional markets remains a serious environmental concern due to the high volume of waste and the lack of an optimal processing system. One potential solution is utilizing market organic waste as raw material for organic fertilizer production through the vermicomposting method using Lumbricus rubellus earthworms. This study aims to determine the effect of different types of market organic waste on the macronutrient content of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in vermicompost. The study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments: A1 (control), A2 (fish waste), A3 (vegetable and fruit waste), and A4 (a mixture of fish, vegetable, and fruit waste). Nitrogen content was analyzed using the Kjeldahl method, while phosphorus and potassium were analyzed using spectrophotometry. Data were tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the type of organic waste affected the nutrient content of the vermicompost produced. Treatment A4 (a mixture of fish, vegetable, and fruit waste) yielded the best results, with nitrogen content of 0.27%, phosphorus 0.38%, and potassium 0.37%. However, all nutrient levels were still below the organic fertilizer quality standard according to SNI 7763:2024, which is 0.4%. The low nutrient content was presumably caused by suboptimal composting conditions, such as high moisture levels and reduced earthworm activity that inhibited the decomposition process. This research has the potential to be used as a biology learning resource for Phase E students in grade X of senior high school (SMA/MA), particularly on the topic of environmental pollution, and the vermicompost product can serve as contextual, environmentally based teaching material.