Analysis of Metabolites from Purple Cleome Extract (Cleome rutidosperma Linn.) as Potential Organic Fungicides

One disease that often attacks chili (Capsicum L.) is anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum capsici
[(Syd.) E.J. Butler & Bisby]. In the field, C. capsici is controlled with a chemical fungicide that harms the envi
ronment. The purple Cleome plant (Spider plant – Cleome rutidosperma Linn.) can be extracted and function as
an organic fungicide for environment-friendly control. This research aimed to examine the type and concen
tration of purple cleome extract metabolites and understand their effectiveness in inhibiting C. capsici. Purple
cleome leaf is extracted with 1:1 w/v absolute methanol and concentrated with 1:1 v/v cold absolute methanol,
and then the supernatant is purified using a centrifuge. The metabolic analysis was performed using Gas Chro
matography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and comparing the data with the National Center for Biotechnol
ogy Information (NCBI) database to obtain specific metabolites. The inhibition test was done with one control
(P0: chemical fungicide) and two-level of treatment, i.e., the concentration of purple Cleome extract (P1: 80 %
and P2: 40 %), then ANOVA and HSD test were carried out to find out the best treatment. The purple Cleome
leaf extract contained three metabolite compounds as organic fungicides, namely propanoic acid 4.12 %,
phenol 8.38 %, and isopropyl myristate 15.86 %. The inhibition test confirmed that 80 % (P2) purple cleome
extract could suppress C. capsici attack up to 16.67 %, significantly higher than chemical fungicide (24.4 %).