TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP DINAMIKA TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH ORANG YANG TIDAK MEMPUNYAI KEWENANGAN DALAM PENYALURAN DANA HIBAH DARI PEMERINTAH (Studi Kasus Putusan No.70/PID.SUS-TPK/2023/PT SBY)

This study aims to analyze acts of corruption committed by individuals who do not hold formal authority in the distribution of government grant funds, with a case study on Court Decision Number 70/PID.SUS-TPK/2023/PT SBY. This research employs a juridical-noarmaive approach using a descriptive qualitative method. Data were obtained through document studies, including court decisions, statutory regulations, legal literature, and scholarly articles, and analyzed using content analysis techniques. The findings reveal that the defendant, despite not being a public official, was proven to have committed unlawful acts such as manipulating recipient groups, falsifying documents, and controlling disbursement and use of funds fictitiously, thereby fulfilling the elements stipulated in Article 3 of the Anti-Corruption Law. These actions reflect a misuse of informal influence and weaknesses in bureaucratic oversight mechanisms. The substantive approach to legal subjectivity enabled the judges to impose criminal liability on non-structural individuals who actively contributed to state financial losses. This study concludes that corruption is not limited to those with formal government positions; rather, it can also be committed by individuals who exploit social relationships and informal power networks. Therefore, strengthening oversight, ensuring transparency in grant fund distribution, and enforcing laws that respond to informal power structures are crucial for preventing covert and systemic corruption.