PELAKSANAAN PERAN SERTA MASYARAKAT DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK BERDASARKAN PASAL 16 PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA MALANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK DI KOTA MALANG

Malang City Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2018 concerning Smoke-Free Areas is an effort to protect the community from the dangers of cigarette smoke, particularly targeting early-age smokers. The establishment of Smoke-Free Areas in schools is expected to have a positive impact in reducing the tendency of minors to smoke before reaching the legal age. The results of the study indicate that the community plays a crucial role in realizing smoke-free areas (KTR) within school environments. Based on the implementation of the regulations in the Malang City KTR Regional Regulation and its considerations, it can be concluded that while the regulation has been fully implemented, it has not yet succeeded in producing the desired impact. Soerjono Soekanto argues that the success or failure of a law in achieving its effectiveness is influenced by five main aspects. First, the legal aspect itself, which includes legislation. Second, the law enforcement apparatus aspect, referring to the individuals or parties responsible for formulating and enforcing the law. Third, the infrastructure or facilities aspect that supports the law enforcement process. Fourth, the community aspect, which is the social environment where the law is applied. Fifth, the cultural aspect, encompassing the creativity, thoughts, and expressions of humans rooted in shared life values. Based on the research findings, community participation within schools, including both teachers and students, has demonstrated a commitment to creating a learning environment free from cigarette smoke. Despite significant efforts from the community, obstacles remain in achieving the primary objective of establishing smoke-free areas in schools, namely preventing the emergence of early-age smokers. These obstacles stem from community and cultural factors, including a lack of public awareness, easy access to cigarettes, and a smoking culture deeply ingrained in society.