IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TERJADINYA BBLR (BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH)

Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW), which is a birth weight of less than 2000 grams, is a serious health problem in developing countries because it has a significant impact on infant health, including the risk of mortality, morbidity, and growth and development disorders. LBW babies are also susceptible to cognitive and motor disorders.
Research Methods: This study aims to identify factors that influence the incidence of LBW, such as maternal age, parity, hypertension, anemia, socioeconomic status, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and fetal factors. The study used a descriptive quantitative design and data analysis using the Chi-square test on 100 postpartum maternal respondents at UMM Hospital and Landungsari Village Polindes.
Results: The results showed that the average maternal age was 28 years, with some mothers being primipara or grandemultipara, and the majority having a pregnancy interval of more than 2 years. Some mothers experienced anemia, but no significant influence was found between factors of age, parity, pregnancy interval, hypertension, smoking habits, socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, fetal abnormalities, and the incidence of LBW at UMM Hospital and Landungsari Village.
Only anemia was shown to have a significant effect, where mothers with anemia had a higher risk of giving birth to babies with low birth weight (p-value 0.018).
Conclusion: The average age of mothers was 28 years, the majority were primipara or grandemultipara with a pregnancy interval of more than 2 years. Factors such as age, parity, and others did not have a significant effect on the incidence of LBW.
Suggestion: This study is expected to be a guide for health workers in preventing anemia in pregnant women through education, iron supplementation, and routine check-ups. Pregnant women are also advised to maintain a nutritious diet and avoid smoking and alcohol to prevent LBW.