SANKSI SOSIAL PERKAWINAN SESUKU DI MINANGKABAU (Studi di Desa Tigo Balai Kecamatan Matur Kabupaten Agam)

Same-clan marriages are prohibited in Minangkabau customs due to their potential to divide the lineage and disrupt family relationships. Based on the obtained data, there are still numerous instances of same-clan marriages in Tigo Balai Village.
The objective of this research is to understand the implementation of same-clan marriages among the Minangkabau community in Tigo Balai Village, to determine the social sanctions imposed on couples involved in same-clan marriages in Tigo Balai Village, and to identify the reasons behind such marriages in the village. The theory employed in this study is the theory of functions and dysfunctions proposed by Robert
K. Merton. Functions refer to observable sanctions established with the purpose of adaptation or adjustment within a particular system. Adaptation and self-adjustment always result in positive consequences. Merton introduced the concept of dysfunctions to examine sanctions that are detrimental or have negative effects on the social system.
This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing observation and interview techniques for data collection. The informants in this study consist of couples who have married within the same clan, were born and reside in Tigo Balai Village, and got married within the past five years. The findings of this research indicate that individuals engaging in same-clan marriages face social sanctions or punishments, such as the failure to perform customary Minangkabau marriage rituals like "maanta tando" or "baralek," the absence of the role of "niniak mamak," conducting marriages within the family, disregarding siblings, failure to apologize or "maisi kasalahan" to "niniak mamak," and paying a fine of one goat, buffalo, or gold. The implementation of same-clan marriages in Tigo Balai Village includes "maanta kampia siriah," "maanta tando,"
"uang hilang," and "manikah." The factors causing same-clan marriages include love, dishonesty, pregnancy outside of marriage, religion, and a lack of understanding of customary rules.